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IPsec VPN Server Auto Setup Scripts

Set up your own IPsec VPN server in just a few minutes, with IPsec/L2TP, Cisco IPsec and IKEv2.

An IPsec VPN encrypts your network traffic, so that nobody between you and the VPN server can eavesdrop on your data as it travels via the Internet. This is especially useful when using unsecured networks, e.g. at coffee shops, airports or hotel rooms.

We will use Libreswan as the IPsec server, and xl2tpd as the L2TP provider.

» :book: Book: Build Your Own VPN Server [English | 中文 | Español | Deutsch | Français | Italiano | PT | 日本語]

Quick start

First, prepare your Linux server* with an install of Ubuntu, Debian or CentOS.

Use this one-liner to set up an IPsec VPN server:

wget https://get.vpnsetup.net -O vpn.sh && sudo sh vpn.sh

Your VPN login details will be randomly generated, and displayed when finished.

Optional: Install WireGuard and/or OpenVPN on the same server.

curl -fsSL https://get.vpnsetup.net -o vpn.sh && sudo sh vpn.sh

https://github.com/hwdsl2/setup-ipsec-vpn/raw/master/vpnsetup.sh
https://gitlab.com/hwdsl2/setup-ipsec-vpn/-/raw/master/vpnsetup.sh

A pre-built Docker image is also available. For other options and client setup, read the sections below.

* A cloud server, virtual private server (VPS) or dedicated server.

Features

• Fully automated IPsec VPN server setup, no user input needed
• Supports IKEv2 with strong and fast ciphers (e.g. AES-GCM)
• Generates VPN profiles to auto-configure iOS, macOS and Android devices
• Supports Windows, macOS, iOS, Android, Chrome OS and Linux as VPN clients
• Includes helper scripts to manage VPN users and certificates

Requirements

A cloud server, virtual private server (VPS) or dedicated server, with an install of:

• Ubuntu 24.04, 22.04 or 20.04
• Debian 12 or 11
• CentOS Stream 9
• Rocky Linux or AlmaLinux
• Oracle Linux
• Amazon Linux 2

This also includes Linux VMs in public clouds, such as DigitalOcean, Vultr, Linode, OVH and Microsoft Azure. Public cloud users can also deploy using user data.

Quick deploy to:

» I want to run my own VPN but don't have a server for that

For servers with an external firewall (e.g. EC2/GCE), open UDP ports 500 and 4500 for the VPN.

A pre-built Docker image is also available. Advanced users can install on a Raspberry Pi. [1] [2]

:warning: DO NOT run these scripts on your PC or Mac! They should only be used on a server!

Installation

First, update your server with sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade (Ubuntu/Debian) or sudo yum update and reboot. This is optional, but recommended.

To install the VPN, please choose one of the following options:

Option 1: Have the script generate random VPN credentials for you (will be displayed when finished).

wget https://get.vpnsetup.net -O vpn.sh && sudo sh vpn.sh

Option 2: Edit the script and provide your own VPN credentials.

wget https://get.vpnsetup.net -O vpn.sh
nano -w vpn.sh
[Replace with your own values: YOUR_IPSEC_PSK, YOUR_USERNAME and YOUR_PASSWORD]
sudo sh vpn.sh

Note: A secure IPsec PSK should consist of at least 20 random characters.

Option 3: Define your VPN credentials as environment variables.

# All values MUST be placed inside 'single quotes'
# DO NOT use these special characters within values: \ " '
wget https://get.vpnsetup.net -O vpn.sh
sudo VPN_IPSEC_PSK='your_ipsec_pre_shared_key' \
VPN_USER='your_vpn_username' \
VPN_PASSWORD='your_vpn_password' \
sh vpn.sh

You may optionally install WireGuard and/or OpenVPN on the same server. If your server runs CentOS Stream, Rocky Linux or AlmaLinux, first install OpenVPN/WireGuard, then install the IPsec VPN.

curl -fL https://get.vpnsetup.net -o vpn.sh
sudo sh vpn.sh

https://github.com/hwdsl2/setup-ipsec-vpn/raw/master/vpnsetup.sh
https://gitlab.com/hwdsl2/setup-ipsec-vpn/-/raw/master/vpnsetup.sh

wget https://get.vpnsetup.net -O vpn.sh
sudo VPN_SWAN_VER=4.15 sh vpn.sh

Customize VPN options

Use alternative DNS servers

By default, clients are set to use Google Public DNS when the VPN is active. When installing the VPN, you may optionally specify custom DNS server(s) for all VPN modes. Example:

sudo VPN_DNS_SRV1=1.1.1.1 VPN_DNS_SRV2=1.0.0.1 sh vpn.sh

Use VPN_DNS_SRV1 to specify the primary DNS server, and VPN_DNS_SRV2 to specify the secondary DNS server (optional).

Below is a list of some popular public DNS providers for your reference.

If you need to change DNS servers after VPN setup, see Advanced usage.

Note: If IKEv2 is already set up on the server, the variables above have no effect for IKEv2 mode. In that case, to customize IKEv2 options such as DNS servers, you can first remove IKEv2, then set it up again using sudo ikev2.sh.

Customize IKEv2 options

When installing the VPN, advanced users can optionally customize IKEv2 options.

sudo VPN_SKIP_IKEV2=yes sh vpn.sh

sudo ikev2.sh

sudo VPN_DNS_NAME='vpn.example.com' sh vpn.sh

sudo VPN_CLIENT_NAME='your_client_name' sh vpn.sh

sudo VPN_DNS_SRV1=1.1.1.1 VPN_DNS_SRV2=1.0.0.1 sh vpn.sh

sudo VPN_PROTECT_CONFIG=yes sh vpn.sh

Next steps

Read this in other languages: English, 中文.

Get your computer or device to use the VPN. Please refer to:

Configure IKEv2 VPN Clients (recommended)

Configure IPsec/L2TP VPN Clients

Configure IPsec/XAuth ("Cisco IPsec") VPN Clients

Read :book: VPN book to access extra content.

Enjoy your very own VPN! :sparkles::tada::rocket::sparkles:

Important notes

Windows users: For IPsec/L2TP mode, a one-time registry change is required if the VPN server or client is behind NAT (e.g. home router).

The same VPN account can be used by your multiple devices. However, due to an IPsec/L2TP limitation, if you wish to connect multiple devices from behind the same NAT (e.g. home router), you must use IKEv2 or IPsec/XAuth mode. To view or update VPN user accounts, see Manage VPN users.

For servers with an external firewall (e.g. EC2/GCE), open UDP ports 500 and 4500 for the VPN. Aliyun users, see #433.

Clients are set to use Google Public DNS when the VPN is active. If another DNS provider is preferred, see Advanced usage.

Using kernel support could improve IPsec/L2TP performance. It is available on all supported OS. Ubuntu users should install the linux-modules-extra-$(uname -r) package and run service xl2tpd restart.

The scripts will backup existing config files before making changes, with .old-date-time suffix.

Upgrade Libreswan

Use this one-liner to update Libreswan (changelog | announce) on your VPN server.

wget https://get.vpnsetup.net/upg -O vpnup.sh && sudo sh vpnup.sh

curl -fsSL https://get.vpnsetup.net/upg -o vpnup.sh && sudo sh vpnup.sh

https://github.com/hwdsl2/setup-ipsec-vpn/raw/master/extras/vpnupgrade.sh
https://gitlab.com/hwdsl2/setup-ipsec-vpn/-/raw/master/extras/vpnupgrade.sh

The latest supported Libreswan version is 5.1. Check installed version: ipsec --version.

Note: xl2tpd can be updated using your system's package manager, such as apt-get on Ubuntu/Debian.

Manage VPN users

See Manage VPN users.

• Manage VPN users using helper scripts
• View VPN users
• View or update the IPsec PSK
• Manually manage VPN users

Advanced usage

See Advanced usage.

• Use alternative DNS servers
• DNS name and server IP changes
• IKEv2-only VPN
• Internal VPN IPs and traffic
• Specify VPN server's public IP
• Customize VPN subnets
• Port forwarding to VPN clients
• Split tunneling
• Access VPN server's subnet
• Access VPN clients from server's subnet
• Modify IPTables rules
• Deploy Google BBR congestion control

Uninstall the VPN

To uninstall IPsec VPN, run the helper script:

Warning: This helper script will remove IPsec VPN from your server. All VPN configuration will be permanently deleted, and Libreswan and xl2tpd will be removed. This cannot be undone!

wget https://get.vpnsetup.net/unst -O unst.sh && sudo bash unst.sh

curl -fsSL https://get.vpnsetup.net/unst -o unst.sh && sudo bash unst.sh

https://github.com/hwdsl2/setup-ipsec-vpn/raw/master/extras/vpnuninstall.sh
https://gitlab.com/hwdsl2/setup-ipsec-vpn/-/raw/master/extras/vpnuninstall.sh

For more information, see Uninstall the VPN.

Feedback & Questions

• Have a suggestion for this project? Open an Enhancement request. Pull requests are also welcome.
• If you found a reproducible bug, open a bug report for the IPsec VPN or for the VPN scripts.
• Got a question? Please first search existing issues and comments in this Gist and on my blog.
• Ask VPN related questions on the Libreswan or strongSwan mailing list, or read these wikis: [1] [2] [3] [4] [5].

License

Copyright (C) 2014-2024 Lin Song
Based on the work of Thomas Sarlandie (Copyright 2012)

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License
Attribution required: please include my name in any derivative and let me know how you have improved it!