Mermaid

Generate diagrams from markdown-like text.

Live Editor!

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:trophy: Mermaid was nominated and won the JS Open Source Awards (2019) in the category "The most exciting use of technology"!!!

Thanks to all involved, people committing pull requests, people answering questions! 🙏

Table of content

About

Mermaid is a JavaScript-based diagramming and charting tool that uses Markdown-inspired text definitions and a renderer to create and modify complex diagrams. The main purpose of Mermaid is to help documentation catch up with development.

Doc-Rot is a Catch-22 that Mermaid helps to solve.

Diagramming and documentation costs precious developer time and gets outdated quickly. But not having diagrams or docs ruins productivity and hurts organizational learning.
Mermaid addresses this problem by enabling users to create easily modifiable diagrams. It can also be made part of production scripts (and other pieces of code).

Mermaid allows even non-programmers to easily create detailed diagrams through the Mermaid Live Editor.
For video tutorials, visit our Tutorials page. Use Mermaid with your favorite applications, check out the list of Integrations and Usages of Mermaid.

You can also use Mermaid within GitHub as well many of your other favorite applications—check out the list of Integrations and Usages of Mermaid.

For a more detailed introduction to Mermaid and some of its more basic uses, look to the Beginner's Guide, Usage and Tutorials.

Our PR Visual Regression Testing is powered by Argos with their generous Open Source plan. It makes the process of reviewing PRs with visual changes a breeze.

In our release process we rely heavily on visual regression tests using applitools. Applitools is a great service which has been easy to use and integrate with our tests.

Examples

The following are some examples of the diagrams, charts and graphs that can be made using Mermaid. Click here to jump into the text syntax.

Flowchart [docs - live editor]

flowchart LR

A[Hard] -->|Text| B(Round)
B --> C{Decision}
C -->|One| D[Result 1]
C -->|Two| E[Result 2]

flowchart LR

A[Hard] -->|Text| B(Round)
B --> C{Decision}
C -->|One| D[Result 1]
C -->|Two| E[Result 2]

Sequence diagram [docs - live editor]

sequenceDiagram
Alice->>John: Hello John, how are you?
loop HealthCheck
    John->>John: Fight against hypochondria
end
Note right of John: Rational thoughts!
John-->>Alice: Great!
John->>Bob: How about you?
Bob-->>John: Jolly good!

sequenceDiagram
Alice->>John: Hello John, how are you?
loop HealthCheck
    John->>John: Fight against hypochondria
end
Note right of John: Rational thoughts!
John-->>Alice: Great!
John->>Bob: How about you?
Bob-->>John: Jolly good!

Gantt chart [docs - live editor]

gantt
    section Section
    Completed :done,    des1, 2014-01-06,2014-01-08
    Active        :active,  des2, 2014-01-07, 3d
    Parallel 1   :         des3, after des1, 1d
    Parallel 2   :         des4, after des1, 1d
    Parallel 3   :         des5, after des3, 1d
    Parallel 4   :         des6, after des4, 1d

gantt
    section Section
    Completed :done,    des1, 2014-01-06,2014-01-08
    Active        :active,  des2, 2014-01-07, 3d
    Parallel 1   :         des3, after des1, 1d
    Parallel 2   :         des4, after des1, 1d
    Parallel 3   :         des5, after des3, 1d
    Parallel 4   :         des6, after des4, 1d

Class diagram [docs - live editor]

classDiagram
Class01 <|-- AveryLongClass : Cool
<<Interface>> Class01
Class09 --> C2 : Where am I?
Class09 --* C3
Class09 --|> Class07
Class07 : equals()
Class07 : Object[] elementData
Class01 : size()
Class01 : int chimp
Class01 : int gorilla
class Class10 {
  <<service>>
  int id
  size()
}

classDiagram
Class01 <|-- AveryLongClass : Cool
<<Interface>> Class01
Class09 --> C2 : Where am I?
Class09 --* C3
Class09 --|> Class07
Class07 : equals()
Class07 : Object[] elementData
Class01 : size()
Class01 : int chimp
Class01 : int gorilla
class Class10 {
  <<service>>
  int id
  size()
}

State diagram [docs - live editor]

stateDiagram-v2
[*] --> Still
Still --> [*]
Still --> Moving
Moving --> Still
Moving --> Crash
Crash --> [*]

stateDiagram-v2
[*] --> Still
Still --> [*]
Still --> Moving
Moving --> Still
Moving --> Crash
Crash --> [*]

Pie chart [docs - live editor]

pie
"Dogs" : 386
"Cats" : 85.9
"Rats" : 15

pie
"Dogs" : 386
"Cats" : 85.9
"Rats" : 15

Git graph [experimental - live editor]

Bar chart (using gantt chart) [docs - live editor]

gantt
    title Git Issues - days since last update
    dateFormat  X
    axisFormat %s

    section Issue19062
    71   : 0, 71
    section Issue19401
    36   : 0, 36
    section Issue193
    34   : 0, 34
    section Issue7441
    9    : 0, 9
    section Issue1300
    5    : 0, 5

gantt
    title Git Issues - days since last update
    dateFormat  X
    axisFormat %s

    section Issue19062
    71   : 0, 71
    section Issue19401
    36   : 0, 36
    section Issue193
    34   : 0, 34
    section Issue7441
    9    : 0, 9
    section Issue1300
    5    : 0, 5

User Journey diagram [docs - live editor]

  journey
    title My working day
    section Go to work
      Make tea: 5: Me
      Go upstairs: 3: Me
      Do work: 1: Me, Cat
    section Go home
      Go downstairs: 5: Me
      Sit down: 3: Me

  journey
    title My working day
    section Go to work
      Make tea: 5: Me
      Go upstairs: 3: Me
      Do work: 1: Me, Cat
    section Go home
      Go downstairs: 5: Me
      Sit down: 3: Me

C4 diagram [docs]

C4Context
title System Context diagram for Internet Banking System

Person(customerA, "Banking Customer A", "A customer of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
Person(customerB, "Banking Customer B")
Person_Ext(customerC, "Banking Customer C")
System(SystemAA, "Internet Banking System", "Allows customers to view information about their bank accounts, and make payments.")

Person(customerD, "Banking Customer D", "A customer of the bank, <br/> with personal bank accounts.")

Enterprise_Boundary(b1, "BankBoundary") {

  SystemDb_Ext(SystemE, "Mainframe Banking System", "Stores all of the core banking information about customers, accounts, transactions, etc.")

  System_Boundary(b2, "BankBoundary2") {
    System(SystemA, "Banking System A")
    System(SystemB, "Banking System B", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
  }

  System_Ext(SystemC, "E-mail system", "The internal Microsoft Exchange e-mail system.")
  SystemDb(SystemD, "Banking System D Database", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")

  Boundary(b3, "BankBoundary3", "boundary") {
    SystemQueue(SystemF, "Banking System F Queue", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
    SystemQueue_Ext(SystemG, "Banking System G Queue", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
  }
}

BiRel(customerA, SystemAA, "Uses")
BiRel(SystemAA, SystemE, "Uses")
Rel(SystemAA, SystemC, "Sends e-mails", "SMTP")
Rel(SystemC, customerA, "Sends e-mails to")

C4Context
title System Context diagram for Internet Banking System

Person(customerA, "Banking Customer A", "A customer of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
Person(customerB, "Banking Customer B")
Person_Ext(customerC, "Banking Customer C")
System(SystemAA, "Internet Banking System", "Allows customers to view information about their bank accounts, and make payments.")

Person(customerD, "Banking Customer D", "A customer of the bank, <br/> with personal bank accounts.")

Enterprise_Boundary(b1, "BankBoundary") {

  SystemDb_Ext(SystemE, "Mainframe Banking System", "Stores all of the core banking information about customers, accounts, transactions, etc.")

  System_Boundary(b2, "BankBoundary2") {
    System(SystemA, "Banking System A")
    System(SystemB, "Banking System B", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
  }

  System_Ext(SystemC, "E-mail system", "The internal Microsoft Exchange e-mail system.")
  SystemDb(SystemD, "Banking System D Database", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")

  Boundary(b3, "BankBoundary3", "boundary") {
    SystemQueue(SystemF, "Banking System F Queue", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
    SystemQueue_Ext(SystemG, "Banking System G Queue", "A system of the bank, with personal bank accounts.")
  }
}

BiRel(customerA, SystemAA, "Uses")
BiRel(SystemAA, SystemE, "Uses")
Rel(SystemAA, SystemC, "Sends e-mails", "SMTP")
Rel(SystemC, customerA, "Sends e-mails to")

Release

For those who have the permission to do so:

Update version number in package.json.

npm publish

The above command generates files into the dist folder and publishes them to https://www.npmjs.com.

Related projects

• Command Line Interface
• Live Editor
• HTTP Server

Contributors

Mermaid is a growing community and is always accepting new contributors. There's a lot of different ways to help out and we're always looking for extra hands! Look at this issue if you want to know where to start helping out.

Detailed information about how to contribute can be found in the contribution guide

Security and safe diagrams

For public sites, it can be precarious to retrieve text from users on the internet, storing that content for presentation in a browser at a later stage. The reason is that the user content can contain embedded malicious scripts that will run when the data is presented. For Mermaid this is a risk, specially as mermaid diagrams contain many characters that are used in html which makes the standard sanitation unusable as it also breaks the diagrams. We still make an effort to sanitize the incoming code and keep refining the process but it is hard to guarantee that there are no loop holes.

As an extra level of security for sites with external users we are happy to introduce a new security level in which the diagram is rendered in a sandboxed iframe preventing javascript in the code from being executed. This is a great step forward for better security.

Unfortunately you can not have a cake and eat it at the same time which in this case means that some of the interactive functionality gets blocked along with the possible malicious code.

Reporting vulnerabilities

To report a vulnerability, please e-mail security@mermaid.live with a description of the issue, the steps you took to create the issue, affected versions, and if known, mitigations for the issue.

Appreciation

A quick note from Knut Sveidqvist:

Many thanks to the d3 and dagre-d3 projects for providing the graphical layout and drawing libraries!

Thanks also to the js-sequence-diagram project for usage of the grammar for the sequence diagrams. Thanks to Jessica Peter for inspiration and starting point for gantt rendering.

Thank you to Tyler Long who has been a collaborator since April 2017.

Thank you to the ever-growing list of contributors that brought the project this far!

Mermaid was created by Knut Sveidqvist for easier documentation.